In tectonic processes, what does the term subduction refer to?

Subduction refers to a tectonic process where one tectonic plate moves under another and sinks into the mantle due to gravitational forces. This occurs at convergent plate boundaries, where two plates collide. The plate that is denser, usually the oceanic plate, subducts beneath the lighter continental plate or another oceanic plate. As this process takes place, it can lead to the formation of deep ocean trenches, volcanic activity, and earthquakes.

Understanding subduction is crucial as it plays a significant role in shaping the Earth's geology and contributes to phenomena such as the Pacific Ring of Fire, where many earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur due to the subduction of the Pacific Plate under surrounding plates.