What geographical feature is primarily formed through the process of glaciation?

Glacial lakes are primarily formed through the process of glaciation, which involves the movement and melting of glaciers. As glaciers advance, they carve out depressions in the earth's surface. When these glaciers retreat, they leave behind these depressions, which can fill with water, forming lakes. The unique shape and depth of glacial lakes are a direct result of the ice's erosion and the landscape alteration it causes.

While river valleys can also be shaped by glaciers, they are generally formed by the flow of water over time rather than directly through glaciation. Mountain ranges are typically created by tectonic processes, such as the collision of tectonic plates, and while glaciers can erode mountain landscapes, they do not form mountain ranges themselves. Canyons are primarily carved by the processes of erosion from rivers, rather than from glaciers, which can create more rounded features like fjords or rounded valleys rather than steep, canyon-like structures. Thus, glacial lakes are the most directly associated feature formed specifically as a result of glaciation.